T12=read.table("D://T1-2.DAT") # read data (textbook Table 1.2) from CD

#T12=read.table("//sttdc1/FacultyReds/zuo/My Documents/My SAS #Files/stt843/dataset/T1-2.DAT")

dim(T12) #check the dimension of T12

############  NOW HISTOGRAM

hist(T12[,1]) #histogram of the 1st variable, too few classes

help(hist) #read the explanation about the function "hist"

hist(T12[,1],nclass.Sturges)

hist(T12[,1],nclass.scott)

hist(T12[,1],nclass.FD,xlab="density",main="Histogram of density",col="lightblue", border="purple")

hist(T12[,1],nclass=10,xlab="density",main="Histogram of density",col='green',border='red')

#try different class number options

################# NOW BOXPLOT

boxplot(T12[,1], col='red', border="green") #see explanations for boxplot from R or textbook

title(main="Boxplot", sub="Density variable in Table 1.2") #adding titles

################ DOT DIAGRAM

plot(T12[,1], rep(1, dim(T12)[1]), xlab="Density", ylab=" ", pch=".", cex=5)

plot(T12[,1], rep(1, dim(T12)[1]), xlab="Density", ylab=" ",pch=16,col='green')

title("Dot diagram of density in Table 1.2")

################# SCATTER PLOT

plot(T12[,1], T12[,2], xlab="density", ylab="machine direction")

plot(T12[,1], T12[,3], xlab="density", ylab="cross direction")

plot(T12[,2], T12[,3], xlab="machine direction",ylab="cross direction",pch="*")

title("scatter plot of machine and cross directions")

################# PAIRWISE SCATTER PLOT

pairs(T12)

pairs(T12, labels=c("densitry","machine direction","cross direction"),

main="Pairwise scatter plot of Table 1.2")

################## 3D scatterplot  #load the package scatterplot3d first

scatterplot3d(T12, color=c("red"), pch=18,xlab="density",highlight.3d=TRUE,

ylab="machine direction", zlab="cross direction",col.axis=c("blue"),col.grid=c("gray"))

################ MEAN, VARIANCE, CORRELATION

mean(T12[,1])

T12bar=apply(T12,2,mean) #calculate mean with respect to the 2nd subscript

T12bar

var(T12[,2])

T12var=apply(T12,2,var)

T12var

varT12=var(T12)

varT12

corT12=cor(T12)

corT12